Interannual variabilities of sea surface salinity in the Bay of Bengal and its relationship with ENSO

IOD-induced Gill-pattern winds determine the interannual variability of southwestern monsoon current axis in the southern Bay of Bengal

The southwestern monsoon current (SMC) flowing from the Arabian Sea (AS) into the Bay of Bengal (BoB), driven by summer monsoon, can significantly affect the thermohaline structure of the BoB and further influence summer monsoon variability through air-sea interaction. The SMC exhibited significant interannual variab...

Interannual Variability of Indian High Intensity in Boreal Winter

This study investigates the interannual variability of the boreal winter Indian High (WIH) intensity from 1979 to 2023 and explores its causes. Observational results show that WIH intensity peaks at a quasi‐4‐year period with a slight increase over time. The WIH significantly influences temperature and precipitation ac...

Interannual variability of tropical cyclone rapid intensification in offshore regions of the western North Pacific

Spatiotemporal variability of sea level fluctuations according to IMMOAD SSHA data after additional correction of the tidal component

Seasonal and interannual variability of sea level fluctuations in the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the Far Eastern seas was analyzed using the empirical orthogonal function decomposition of the original data series. The study is based on a data set of altimetric observations from the IMMOAD SSHA for the period 1993–2...

Horseshoe Salinity Pattern in the Upper Indian Ocean and its Decadal Variability

Salinity plays a crucial role in the global hydrological cycle and climate system by regulating upper ocean stratification and sea surface temperature (SST). Past studies have revealed the dynamics of salinity variation in the world’s major ocean basins and its linkage to global climate on interannual to decadal time...

Subseasonal predictability of the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon onset tied to three-ocean sea surface temperature anomalies