Amazonia is highly sensitive to climate extremes, yet we lack an Amazon-wide assessment that examines the spatial-temporal changes in these extreme conditions. We address this within seasons and across the hydrological year, using a quantiles approach that integrates the frequency and magnitude of climate extremes and by linking changes in temperature with evapotranspiration. We show that high temperature extremes and temperature-linked measures of water deficit are both changing at a much faster rate than central trends. The 95th percentile of maximum temperatures in the driest period increased by 0.49 °C per decade (dec-1) compared to 0.21°C dec-1 for the central trend of mean temperatures for the year. Crucially, over 700,000 square kilometres in central-north Amazonia have experienced increases in extreme dry season temperatures ≥ 0.75 °C dec-1 ( ≥ 3.22 °C over 43 years). Adaptation measures for these rapid changes in climate extremes must include preventing the deforestation and disturbances that amplify risks. Climate change impacts in the Amazon, particularly heat and drought extremes, are increasing faster than average climate trends, with especially rapid changes in the central-northern region that has so far attracted less attention than other regions.
Summertime temperature extremes exert profound impacts on human health, ecosystems, and infrastructure, yet their characteristics and drivers remain poorly quantified in New Zealand, in part due to the country's complex topography and multiple climate regimes. Using high‐quality temperature observations from 30 weath...
S. Iqbal, Luke J. Harrington, Hamish Lewis· International Journal of Cli...· 0 citations
Quantifying climate change across standardized reference periods is essential for tracking the pace and spatial structure of ongoing shifts in Earth’s climate system. However, robust and comprehensive global comparisons between consecutive climatological normals remain absent. Using high-resolution ERA5-Land reanalysis...
David Romero, Gerado Martin· Climatic Change· 0 citations
Surface layer temperature changes occur on various time scales: interannual, decadal, secular. Decades and longer periods are the most important time scales for studying gradual changes in mean hydrometeorological values. This paper is dedicated to assessing the spatial distribution of decadal trends in mean annual sur...
Unknown authors· Fundamental and Applied Clim...· 0 citations
Agricultural water management is closely linked to the temporal variations in long-term rainfall and temperature, as well as their associated patterns. However, variations in rainfall and temperature along with extreme rainfall and wet/dry spells, remain highly uncertain in mountainous regions. This study evaluated lon...
Sanjay Kumar, Pankaj Dey, B. Yadav· Journal of Agricultural Engi...· 0 citations
Extreme vapor pressure deficit (EVPD), representing the 5% hottest and driest surface air conditions, has risen rapidly over the Southern Amazon during the dry season, especially over forested areas. Its frequency has increased by 7 ± $\pm $ 1.5% (or 11 more dry season days) per decade, and its intensity has increased...
A. Chang, Y. Zhuang, Rong Fu et al.· Geophysical Research Letters· 0 citations
Climate change and large-scale deforestation in the Amazon could lead to biome state change from rainforest to savanna. Model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) provided little to no evidence for localized dieback events. In contrast, simulations from the next phase (CMIP6), feat...
D. Petrova, Ceren Ekinci, Ivana Cvijanovic et al.· Environmental Research Lette...· 0 citations
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