Simulation Cuk Converter with PID for Load Voltage Stability Auxiliary Inspection Train
Abstract
This study focuses on the design and implementation of a Cuk Converter integrated with a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller to maintain voltage stability in auxiliary loads of an inspection train. The auxiliary system relies on battery power, whose output voltage tends to fluctuate depending on operating conditions, potentially affecting system reliability. To address this issue, a DC-DC converter with closed-loop control is proposed. The system was designed using a Cuk Converter topology, while the PID controller parameters were tuned using the Ziegler–Nichols method, resulting in Kp = 0.0015, Ki = 3.05, and Kd = 1.84×10⁻⁷. Simulation results show that the proposed system is capable of maintaining a stable output voltage of 24 V under various input voltage conditions (38.4 V, 48 V, and 55.2 V) and load variations (50 W to 250 W).The system achieves a rise time in the range of 0.0077–0.0099 s, overshoot between 0.08%–0.25%, settling time of 0.011–0.013 s, and steady-state error of 0%. Compared to the open-loop system, the PID-controlled system significantly improves voltage stability and dynamic response. These results indicate that the proposed method effectively enhances voltage regulation performance and system reliability in railway auxiliary applications.