Mechanochemically Based Solid-State Diels-Alder Reaction: An Overview

Abstract

There are many potential applications for mechanical chemistry in sustainable chemistry, an emerging green systematic field. Recent years have seen successful chemical synthesis using a mixer or planetary ball mills for mechanical milling in solvent-free environments. This article overviews several solvent-free mechanochemical organic reactions, focusing mainly on the Diels-Alder reaction. Although there is a growing interest in this field, its fundamental mechanistic foundations still need to be fully understood. This paper highlights some of the hallmarks of mechanically activated approaches to Diels-Alder reactions. Moreover, to discuss the advantages and limitations of this approach and the potential applications of mechanochemistry beyond the Diels-Alder reaction, It was consequently concluded that mechanochemical organic reactions without solvents are more advantageous over liquid-phase equivalents, including superior product yields, superior selectivity, shorter reaction times, more straightforward work-up procedures, and the elimination of hazardous organic solvents.