Aug 2026· Diagnostics· Vol 16, pp. 2549· 0 citations· 50 references
Medicine
Abstract
Background: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes are rare immune-mediated disorders that may represent the first clinical manifestation of an underlying tumor. Case Report: This report describes a 58-year-old woman with rapidly progressive cerebellar dysfunction and anti-Yo antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Definite PNS was diagnosed according to the PNS-Care Score criteria (score: 10/10). Oncological evaluation revealed FIGO IIIC high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) with extensive peritoneal dissemination. Despite corticosteroids, cytoreductive surgery, and carboplatin–paclitaxel chemotherapy, neurological disability progressed, although tumor control was achieved. Methods: A PRISMA-guided review of PubMed and Scopus identified 33 studies of PNSs associated with ovarian tumors published between 2016 and 2026. Results: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis, mainly associated with ovarian teratomas, generally showed favorable recovery, whereas anti-Yo-associated cerebellar degeneration, predominantly linked to epithelial ovarian malignancies, had poor neurological outcomes. Conclusions: Prompt antibody testing, oncological investigation, and multidisciplinary treatment are essential, although anti-Yo-associated neurological deficits may be irreversible.
Early recognition and multidisciplinary management in this rare syndrome, especially in atypical oncological contexts, and early institution of immunosuppressive therapy are important steps in improving patients’ outcomes in paraneoplastic encephalitis are pointed out.
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Background and Clinical Significance: Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) is a rare paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy caused by antibodies targeting tumor antigens with cross-reactivity to retinal proteins. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD) results from autoimmune injury to cerebellar tissue triggered by...
Yeseo Kwon, Pooja Raibagkar, Bharat B. Yarlagadda et al.· Reports· 0 citations
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Anti-Yo antibody–associated paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) is a rare immune-mediated disorder that often presents with subacute cerebellar symptoms and is frequently associated with breast and gynecological malignancies. CASE PRESENTATION A woman in her 50s developed subacute progressi...
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Nil Saez-Calveras, Kristen Warncke, Jessica Schnorr et al.· The Neurohospitalist· 0 citations
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) are immune-mediated disorders associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Durvalumab following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) improves outcomes in patients with limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC); however, its safety in patients with pre-existing PNS and residual neurologi...
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