Integrating large language models for context-aware decision making in autonomous mobile robots

Abstract

The dynamic evolution of industrial automation has created an imperative need to transition from inflexible, rule-based systems to flexible, intelligent agents that can facilitate human-robot collaboration. The purpose of this research was to integrate large language models (LLMs) with autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) to improve context-aware decision-making. The inflexibility of traditional systems has often hindered performance in dynamic environments, as systems often rely on predefined algorithms and sensor configurations. To improve this, a modular framework was created, consisting of a central processing unit and an LLM API to interpret natural language and process environmental information. Quantitative results have been clearly specified in the abstract, which states that the success rate in resolving navigation exceptions by the proposed framework was 89% with a 5% localization error rate. Moreover, substantial savings were observed in token usage and computational resources. This study provided an imperative framework for smarter industrial automation, filling the gap between mechanical precision and artificial intelligence. The practical experimentation of an AMR model gives an outcome of a successful navigation exception resolution rate of 89% by means of the proposed framework, with an error rate of 5% localized to each exception. Additionally, significant reductions in the number of tokens used and the time taken to process tokens provide a scalable means for developing contextually-based, robust, autonomous mobile platforms’ decisions.