Mapping the AI–innovation discourse in construction SMEs: a PRISMA-guided bibliometric and thematic review

Abstract

This study aims to systematically map and synthesise fragmented research on artificial intelligence (AI), innovation and digital transformation in construction small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to develop an integrated conceptual understanding of AI-enabled organisational transformation. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-guided systematic review of Scopus-indexed publications was conducted. Bibliometric techniques were used to analyse publication trends, keyword co-occurrence and co-authorship networks, complemented by thematic analysis of dominant research streams. The findings suggest that there is accelerated growth in research from 2021, and the domain is multidisciplinary and fragmented. Three major thematic clusters were identified, forming the basis of a proposed conceptual framework for AI-driven innovation in construction SMEs. The literature is gradually shifting from technology-centric views towards more integrated organisational and strategic perspectives. The review is limited to Scopus-indexed publications and mainly abstract-level analysis. Future research should adopt longitudinal, multi-database and mixed-method approaches and examine ethical, workforce and governance implications of AI adoption. Construction SMEs should approach AI adoption as an organisational transformation initiative rather than a purely technical upgrade. This study contributes to construction engineering and management literature by developing a structured conceptual framework that links AI adoption, innovation processes and organisational transformation in construction SMEs, offering a clearer theoretical and practical understanding beyond existing fragmented studies.