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Topology-Aware Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Resource Allocation in Cloud-Native Stream Processing

Jul 2026 · IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing · pp. 156-166 · 0 citations · 21 references

Abstract

High-velocity workloads and intricate task dependencies inherent in distributed stream-processing systems pose a fundamental challenge to efficient resource allocation. Traditional heuristic and single-agent reinforcement learning (RL) schedulers frequently fail to recognize these complex network and data-flow interactions, leading to severe resource fragmentation and catastrophic tail latency spikes. In order to accomplish coordinated, low-latency scheduling, we propose a Topology-Aware Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (TAMARL) framework utilizing a Centralized Training and Decentralized Execution (CTDE) architecture. TAMARL allows distributed agents to optimize task placement across heterogeneous cluster nodes and prevent backpressure cascades by integrating topology-aware state representations. We evaluate TAMARL on a production-grade cloud-native stack leveraging Apache Flink and Kubernetes. Compared to state-of-the-art baselines across six demanding stress-test scenarios, experimental evaluations demonstrate that TAMARL improves Service Level Objective (SLO) attainment by 27% while reducing P99 tail latency by up to 68%. Additionally, TAMARL maintains stable, resilient performance under 90% cluster utilization while securing 95% network locality.

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