Jul 2026· Voprosy filosofii· pp. 121-129· 0 citations
Abstract
The article discusses key features of the Chinese rationalization of the mythologeme “fate” (ming) through the traditionally canonized ideographic reading of the character for “sincerity” (cheng), which unites “speech” (yan) and its “implementation” (cheng). The binarity of this character, which claims to be the central word centering the entire space of Confucian discourse, vividly depicts the successful crossroads of the spoken word and the corresponding deed. The focus is on the problem of articulating the concept of logical necessity in the archaic language of predetermination. If the performative of fate’s verdict, imprinted by the ideogram cheng, automatically translates heavenly command (tian ming) into action, then the human imitation of heavenly “sincerity”, in the absence of performativity, requires special effort to ensure that one’s own utterances acquire the immutability of fate’s decrees. The author’s concept of “stratagem-based forcing of fate” is intended to explain the surprising success of such an imitation. It points to the activist practice of human intervention in providential plans through stratagemically founded utterances. According to the author, within the horizon of “sincerity”, the epistemological status of such utterances reaches the level of apodictic judgment (i.e., a judgment of necessity).
The high concentration of zoonyms in the Kumyk paroemias about cattle theft is not an accident, but a direct reflection of the key role of cattle in the economy and social relations. The language has fixed this reality by using animals as natural ethical markers: through them, the people understood and evaluated their actions, making moral lessons clear and accessible. The objects of theft are classified according to their symbolic value into those representing: a) minimal prosperity and b) material well-being. In the Kumyk worldview a person becomes a thief once and for all, regardless of the severity of the offense, as a tendency to steal is considered an incurable vice. Paradoxically, small thefts are more severely condemned than larger ones, and the negligence of the owner who allowed the family's property to be stolen is condemned more severely than the thief's actions. Ultimately, stealing eliminates the possibility of good fortune for a person.
N. E. Gadzhiakhmedov, Z. S. Salmanova· Herald of Dagestan State Uni...· 0 citations
This study aimed to clarify the concept of tazkiyah in the Qur’an as one of the central concepts in the construction of the human being and the reform of society, through tracing the linguistic root of the term, surveying its occurrences in the Qur’anic text, and analyzing its contextual meanings according to the conceptual analytical method. The study sought to reveal the conceptual dimensions of tazkiyah in relation to guidance, faith, and righteous deeds, and to demonstrate its position among the major objectives of the Prophetic mission and the Qur’anic reform methodology. The results showed that tazkiyah, in its Qur’anic origin, is based on two complementary dimensions: purification of the soul from doctrinal and behavioral deviations, and its development through virtues and faith-based values. The study also demonstrated that tazkiyah does not remain limited to its individual dimension, but extends to the social sphere, contributing to moral balance and the establishment of sound human relationships within society. Furthermore, the findings confirmed that tazkiyah represents a foundational pillar in the Qur’anic reform project and a decisive element in achieving balance between individual formation and social reform.
This article analyzes the constitution of the enunciative subject and the polyphonic management of responsibility, examining how points of view (POV) are staged in discourse. Situated within the framework of Integrated Discourse Analysis (IDA) and building on Ducrot's polyphonic theory, Berrendonner's linguistic pragmatics, and Rabatel's Theory of Points of View, the study employs a pragmatic framework to investigate dialogic interactionism. The study adopts a qualitative, enunciation-based analysis of heterogeneous textual fragments. The findings reveal the dynamics between locutors and dialogic enunciators, showing that the imputation and implicit validation of contents (quasi-PEC) give rise to what the paper calls the "phantoms of truth" - an enunciative spectrality through which subjects naturalize presuppositions and validate assertions via enunciative erasure and disinscription, without taking direct responsibility for what is said. The study concludes that command of enunciative postures and the exercise of empathic mobility not only structure textual asymmetries but also serve as fundamental ethical principles for dialogic decentering and the dismantling of dogmatism.
Stener Carvalho Fernandes Barbosa· Revista (Con)textos Linguíst...· 0 citations
This article seeks to uncover the formalist and linguistic interventions of Saadat Hasan Manto’s often-marginalized micro-fiction collection, Siyah Hashiye (Black Margins), which captures the catastrophic aftermath of the 1947 Partition in its everyday mundanity. While traditional scholarship has solely focused on Manto’s longer narratives for their visceral representation of physical trauma, this study directly addresses a glaring critical gap by investigating how bureaucratic, administrative, and commercial lexicons are structurally weaponized to execute human annihilation. Utilizing an interdisciplinary framework, the paper synthesizes Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) with Michel Foucault’s theory of institutional discourse and Hannah Arendt’s seminal formulations on the "banality of evil" and administrative language rules (Sprachregelungen). Through a meticulous close-reading of five specific vignettes—‘For Necessary Action,’ ‘Due Supervision,’ ‘Tidiness,’ ‘Cooperation,’ and ‘Permanent Vacation’—the study traces how the active verbs of slaughter are systematically replaced by the abstract nouns of management and transactional utility. These specialized linguistic filters act as an ideological shield, enabling perpetrators to detach themselves from moral guilt and normalize heinous violence under the guise of civic order and administrative cleanliness. The research demonstrates that Manto intentionally rejects traditional narrative closure, employing abrupt, ironic endings that force sanitized jargon to collide with the gruesome physical realities of Partition. Ultimately, this structural analysis reveals a profound thematic finding: rather than depicting violence as a byproduct of unreflective emotional frenzy, Manto exposes the alarming ease with which modern rationality and civil governance can be adapted to facilitate genocide. By utilizing the condensed vignette form, Manto highlights how traditional narratives break under systemic historical trauma, leaving behind fragmented, ironical linguistic artifacts that warn against the clinical sanitization of violence through institutional language.
Aarshbhi A· Samaj Shastra - The Mega Jou...· 0 citations
This article develops a linguosynergetic model of the concept “Qut” drawing on historical-cultural sources and the methodological principles of synergetics. The analysis reconstructs the concept’s diachronic semantic trajectory across four major stages: (i) an archaic mythological interpretation characterized by semantic diffuseness; (ii) a Turkic-period rationalization in which “Qut” becomes embedded in political philosophy and state ideology; (iii) an Islamic-era reconfiguration that introduces a religious-spiritual bifurcation of meanings; and (iv) a Kazakh-stage axiological expansion in which “Qut” is linked to prosperity, social harmony, and the unity of people and land. To describe these transformations, the study applies key synergetic notions–nonlinearity, self-organization, attractor formation, and shifts to new semantic levels under external socio-cultural pressures. “Qut” is therefore interpreted as a semiospheric and culturally adaptive structure that preserves a stable semantic ядро while continuously generating new peripheral meanings in response to changing historical contexts. In Turkic political discourse, “Qut” functions as a marker of legitimate authority and state stability; in Islamic tradition, it operates as a spiritual attractor associated with divine light and sustenance; and in the Kazakh worldview it acquires a pronounced value dimension connected with wellbeing, land-peace, communal concord, and national cohesion. Contemporary expressions such as qutty qadam (“auspicious step”) and qutty meken (“auspicious place”) illustrate the concept’s productive integration into modern linguistic practice. The findings show that “Qut” constitutes a multilayer, dynamically self-organizing cultural-conceptual system with a stable attractor, and they support the use of linguosynergetics as a methodological framework for investigating Kazakh linguistic consciousness.
A. Biyazdykova, Aida Sarsembayeva, K. Demeubekova et al.· Theory and Practice in Langu...· 0 citations
This article investigates the historical and conceptual development of the injunction to “think for oneself” as an essential characteristic of modern philosophy. The study maps the origins of this demand for intellectual autonomy, identifying its roots in the challenge to ecclesiastical infallibility and the principle of Sola Scriptura proposed by Luther, which favored personal, free examination. In modernity, it examines how Descartes utilized geometric reason as a tool for demolishing dogmas, a method followed by Spinoza and Leibniz. Next, the text analyzes the transition to Kant’s critical reason, which pointed out the weaknesses of the purely conceptual mathematical method. Kant redefines freedom of thought based on three axes: the absence of civil coercion, the rejection of coercion in matters of religious conscience, and the submission of reason strictly to the laws it prescribes to itself. Finally, the risks of failing to meet this ideal are addressed, illustrated by the pathological figures of the “logical egoist” and the “mechanical repeater”, concluding with Heidegger's reflections on the arduous learning of the act of thinking. It is argued that autonomy requires constant work of self-criticism and the acknowledgment of one's own ignorance.
Mario Caimi· Aoristo. International journ...· 0 citations
