Research Review on the Seismic and Vulnerability Performance of Prefabricated Assembly Double Column Piers

Abstract

: This paper presents a comprehensive review of seismic vulnerability assessment for prefabricated assembly double-column pier bridges. The primary objective is to critically examine the key vulnerability parameters and their coupling mechanisms while outlining future pathways for enhancing seismic resilience. The review identifies essential vulnerability indicators, including displacement, acceleration, and composite damage indices. It further contrasts dominant research trends, noting that domestic investigations concentrate largely on geometric configurations and pier-to-pier interactions, whereas international studies prioritize multifactor coupling effects. A central focus of the review is the analysis of complex parameter interactions, specifically how pier geometry, material nonlinearity, and joint connection details collectively shape structural fragility under varied seismic inputs. Finally, the paper integrates the concept of recoverable functionality into the vulnerability assessment framework. The principal conclusions underscore the necessity of standardized coupling analysis and advocate for the quantitative incorporation of emerging smart materials such as shape memory alloys and self healing concrete to directly refine probabilistic fragility curves and improve post earthquake recovery outcomes. This review offers a theoretical foundation for advancing performance-based seismic design and resilience evaluation of modern bridge systems.