The research landscape of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke: a bibliometric analysis of the literature from 2017 to 2025 based on the WOS and PubMed databases

Abstract

Background Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Ferroptosis—an iron-dependent, lipid peroxidation-driven programmed cell death—has emerged as a key contributor to post-stroke neuronal injury, with research expanding rapidly since 2017. Objective This study employs bibliometric methods to systematically analyze literature on ferroptosis in ischemic stroke from 2017 to 2025, aiming to elucidate the field’s development trajectory, research hotspots, emerging frontiers, and collaborative networks. Methods Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed, limited to English articles and reviews published between 2017 and 2025. For PubMed, an additional search was conducted to capture empirical studies on ferroptosis inhibitors. Bibliometric analyses were performed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix R package. Results A total of 646 WoS-indexed articles were analyzed. Annual publication output showed exponential growth. China, the United States, and India led in publication volume, with China accounting for over half of global output; international collaboration centered on China–US partnerships. Research hotspots focused on molecular mechanisms (GPX4, System Xc−, Nrf2/HO-1), key regulators (ACSL4, FSP1), and therapeutic strategies (ferroptosis inhibitors, natural compounds). Analysis of 64 PubMed-indexed studies on ferroptosis inhibitors revealed that China also dominated this area, with the National Natural Science Foundation of China as the primary funding source. Emerging frontiers indicate a shift from mechanistic studies toward clinical translation, including biomarker development, nano-targeted delivery, and neurovascular unit protection. Conclusion From 2017 to 2025, research on ferroptosis in ischemic stroke has rapidly evolved from concept introduction and mechanistic exploration toward clinical translation. Bibliometric analysis delineates a clear trajectory and evolving knowledge framework. Future research will likely emphasize interdisciplinary integration, clinical translation, and personalized therapeutic strategies.