Risk assessment and safety strategies for industrial robots use in transport

Abstract

The development of robotic logistics processes is placing increasing emphasis on the operational safety of industrial robots in goods transport. Mobile robots, such as AGVs (Automated Guided Vehicles) and AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots), play a significant role in streamlining internal transport, but their integration with internal infrastructure carries the risk of collisions, breakdowns, and operational disruptions. This article presents the fundamental safety aspects of transport robots, with particular emphasis on applicable standards and technical systems based on sensors, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), and vision systems. Selected industrial implementations are also discussed, demonstrating the need for a comprehensive approach to designing safety zones and traffic management in robotic warehouses. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of safety aspects in the context of the growing use of robots in logistics and internal transport and to identify directions for further development in this area.