DEVELOPMENT OMACHINE TRANSLATION IN MODERN WORLD

Abstract

This article examines the development of machine translation, its technological evolution, and its role in modern multilingual communication. Particular attention is given to translation accuracy, contextual adequacy, communicative equivalence, and the challenges of representing domain-specific and culturally conditioned linguistic features. The study additionally focuses on the comparative evaluation of contemporary machine translation services through quantitative and qualitative approaches. Particular emphasis is placed on identifying discrepancies between automatic evaluation scores and expert judgments, especially in cases involving paraphrasing, specialized terminology, syntactic restructuring, and context-dependent meanings. The research also considers the applicability of machine translation to scientific and medical discourse and highlights the importance of post-editing in achieving terminological precision and communicative adequacy. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the practical capabilities and limitations of current automated translation technologies. The article further addresses the challenges associated with translating culturally marked expressions, low-frequency lexical units, and terminology that requires specialized contextual interpretation. It emphasizes the need to consider not only linguistic similarity but also semantic relations, discourse structure, and the intended communicative function of the source text. The study highlights the potential of combining neural machine translation with human expertise as a practical approach to improving the consistency, precision, and usability of automated translation in academic and professional communication.