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Reimagining Education beyond Borders: A Review of Global Competence, Curriculum Transformation, and Future Learning Systems

Muhammad Rafiq-uz-Zaman

Jul 2026 · Inverge Journal of Social Sciences · Vol 5, pp. 76-93 · 0 citations · 38 references

Abstract

Globalization, digitalization, climate change and interculturalism are unprecedented challenges for education systems globally. This literature review explores the ways in which global competence frameworks, curriculum transformation and the future learning systems could equip learners with the necessary skills to thrive in a borderless and interconnected society. The researcher analysed 46 peer-reviewed publications (2017-2025) in order to capture and critically consider the current conceptualisations of global competence (OECD and UNESCO frameworks) and curriculum reform efforts from content-based to competence-based models. The review identifies pedagogical strategies that are effective for global learning such as project-based learning, collaborative online international learning (COIL), and inquiry-based learning. Barriers to implementation in the Global North and South, such as digital inequities, teacher preparedness, and policy fragmentation are analysed. The paper suggests an integrated model that connects five dimensions globally – global competence, curriculum transformation, intercultural pedagogy, digital and future learning systems, and equity/sustainability/civic responsibility. Implications are for policy makers, teachers, and researchers. We believe that fostering global competence is a systemic and equitable transformation that integrates the concept into curricula, pedagogy, assessment, teacher development, and relies on digital infrastructure with sustainability and social justice dimensions. References Ahadi, A., Bower, M., Lai, J., Singh, A., & Garrett, M. (2024). Evaluation of teacher professional learning workshops on the use of technology: A systematic review. Professional Development in Education, 50(1), 221–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2021.2011773 Ahmad, E. A. (2024). Revolutionizing learning: Leveraging social media platforms for empowering open educational resources. 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