Development of a Google Sites-Based Learning Management System for Mathematics Learning in Senior High School: A Digital Innovation Aligned with SDG 4

Abstract

The integration of digital technology into mathematics education has become increasingly important to support student-centered learning and improve instructional quality in senior high schools. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a Google Sites-based Learning Management System (LMS) for mathematics learning. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Plomp development model, consisting of the preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment phases. During the assessment phase, the effectiveness of the developed LMS was evaluated through a quasi-experimental design involving 71 tenth-grade students, comprising 36 students in the experimental class and 35 students in the control class, as well as mathematics teachers and expert validators. Data were collected through observations, interviews, validation sheets, practicality questionnaires, and mathematics achievement tests. The developed LMS demonstrated a high level of validity, with an average expert validation score of 4.78. Practicality evaluation indicated that the LMS was categorized as very practical, obtaining scores of 95.00% from teachers and 90.40% from students. The effectiveness test revealed that the experimental class achieved a significantly higher mean score (84.72) than the control class (76.18), with an Independent Sample t-test significance value of 0.002 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the Google Sites-based LMS is a valid, practical, and effective digital learning medium for mathematics instruction. The study contributes to the implementation of technology-enhanced learning practices that are aligned with the principles of Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education).