Multi-energy Coordinated Dispatch and Carbon-Constrained Optimization for Power Systems with High Renewable Penetration

Abstract

The large scale integration of wind and photovoltaic generation is changing the dispatch logic of power systems. The random fluctuation of renewable output increases reserve demand, transmission flow pressure, and the risk of wind and solar curtailment. Carbon emission constraints also make traditional economic dispatch, which mainly minimizes thermal generation cost, less suitable for low carbon operation. For power systems with high renewable penetration, an electricity, heat, gas, and storage coordinated dispatch model with carbon constrained optimization is constructed. Thermal fuel cost, unit start up cost, renewable curtailment penalty, storage operation cost, and ladder type carbon cost are included in one objective function. Typical scenarios are generated from wind and solar forecast errors. Mixed integer linear programming is used to solve the day ahead dispatch scheme, and power flow verification is conducted to check line operating limits. The simulation results show that carbon constrained multi energy dispatch can reduce carbon emissions, lower reserve activation, and improve renewable accommodation while keeping operating cost under control. The method provides a reproducible technical path for low carbon dispatch modeling, flexible resource allocation, and coordinated multi energy operation in high renewable power systems.