Preliminary results of active surveillance in localized prostate cancer GG1

Abstract

Background. Active surveillance is a widely used treatment for clinically localized low-risk prostate cancer in the Western countries; however, its safety and efficacy in the Belarussian healthcare settings have not been established. Aim. To evaluate the short-term outcomes of active surveillance in our cohort and to analyze predictive factors for reclassification. Materials and methods. The study included 249 patients with verified clinically localized prostate cancer, a life expectancy of ≥10 years, and at least one surveillance biopsy. The primary endpoint was survival (time) to reclassification (increased differentiation group or increased clinical stage). Various predictive factors for reclassification were also analyzed. Results. Median follow-up was 31.2 months (95 % confidence interval 28.2–34.1 months). Tumor reclassification occurred in 62 cases (24.9 %). Median time to reclassification was 65.2 months, and to treatment, 55 months. According to multivariate analysis, prostate-specific antigen density (p 0.001) and percentage of positive cores in biopsy (p = 0.006) were the most significant predictors of reclassification. Conclusion. The method demonstrated acceptable safety and efficacy results; however, continued follow-up is necessary to determine long-term outcomes.