Bioethical aspects of stem cell application in medicine

Abstract

This research analyzes key bioethical aspects of stem cell application in the modern biomedical field. The historical development of cell technologies is highlighted, embryonic, induced pluripotent and mesenchymal stem cells are characterized, as well as their therapeutic potential and specifics of their application from a bioethical point of view. The main attention is paid to moral and legal problems related to the production of embryonic stem cells, safety of their clinical use, respect for human dignity, risks of commercialization of stem cell technologies, protection of personal medical data and ensuring fair access to innovative methods of treatment. The advantages of induced pluripotent and mesenchymal stem cells as more ethically acceptable alternatives are considered, while emphasizing the need for further research regarding their efficacy and safety. In conclusion it is established that the development of cell therapy requires comprehensive legal regulation, adherence to the principles of bioethics and the search for a balance between scientific progress, protection of human rights and public interests.