Aug 2026· International journal of computer information systems and industrial management applications· Vol 18, pp. 367-382· 0 citations
TL;DR
A novel energy-efficient multipath routing for load balancing (EMRD-LB) is capable of improving the routing performance and reducing delay, reduces packets dropping and improves data receiving.
Abstract
Mobile nodes are continuously moving in the network and form the link to transfer the information between source and destination. All the mobile nodes have limited bandwidth and limited battery power. Energy is the primary source required for route establishment and data transfer to all the interconnected nodes. If the nodes have a limited amount of energy, it means immediate action is required to switch to the other node or re-establish the route for proper data transfer. In this research, a novel energy-efficient multipath routing for load balancing (EMRD-LB) is capable of improving the routing performance. The EMRD-LB approach is efficiently utilizing the energy of nodes and link capacity to avoid congestion from the network. This method enhances data flow and extends the operational lifespan of the network nodes. By dynamically adjusting the routing paths based on current energy levels, the system ensures optimal performance even under varying load conditions. The load balancing is required to reduce the packet dropping and control the extra load by reducing the data rate and buffer management. The proposed scheme is also capable of reducing overhead, which is typically increased due to data retransmissions and delays in acknowledgement packets. Flooding of overhead packets increases bandwidth consumption and delays in data forwarding. The performance of EMRD-LB is compared with QMR, AOMDV, and MMEE, and the performance of the proposed scheme is better. The EMRD-LB reduces delay, reduces packets dropping and improves data receiving.
A WSN is a mobile node network that generates and configures its own data and transmits it wirelessly to the entire network. The topology of a network is constantly changing because nodes are mobile. Due to the instability of the link, dynamic topologies result in link failures, decreased bandwidth, and a decrease in QoS. Ensure that the wireless link is stable, the bandwidth is available, and the nodes have sufficient energy to communicate reliably. In WSN routing, packet loss increases delay and energy consumption for retransmission since multipath routing considers optimal hop counts. The paper proposes a Link Estimation Indicator and Energy-Awareness Routing Scheme (LEI-EA) for WSNs to address these issues. A link estimation indicator (LEI) is used to determine whether a link is stable or unstable. A LEI-EA scheme utilises the residual energy of neighbour nodes to determine multipath routing and maintain link stability, reliability, and network longevity. As part of the simulation, extensive testing has been conducted using the event-driven simulation tool (NS2), and the proposed LEI-EA scheme has been compared to existing dynamic routing schemes.
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