Functional and radiological outcome of total knee arthroplasty in varus knee: a prospective observational study

Abstract

Background: Varus deformity in osteoarthritic knees causes medial compartment overload, pain, instability, and progressive functional limitation. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an established treatment for advanced disease. This study evaluated the clinical and radiological outcomes of TKA in patients with varus knee deformity. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Indian tertiary-care teaching hospital, from May 2023 to January 2025. Institutional ethical committee clearance and informed consent from patient was taken. Fifty knees in patients aged 45-80 years with primary or secondary osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis associated with varus deformity underwent posterior-stabilized TKA through a standardized medial parapatellar approach. Results: Mean knee society clinical scores improved from 48.2 to 84.6 and functional scores from 47.1 to 85.3. Alignment correction and outcome categories are to be reported as per final tables. Conclusions: TKA provided significant functional improvement and reliable deformity correction.