Coordinated power tracking control for wind farms equipped with distributed energy storage considering wake optimization

Abstract

Wind speed variability poses significant challenges to wind farm (WF) power command tracking. Under low-wind conditions, the available wind power may be insufficient to satisfy grid commands, whereas under high-wind conditions, conventional de-loading control often leads to wind curtailment. To address these issues, this paper proposes a coordinated power control strategy for distributed energy storage (DES)-enabled WFs considering active wake optimization. First, the optimal active power references of wind turbines are obtained through wake optimization to maximize wind energy capture. Then, DES units are coordinated to compensate for the mismatch between wind turbine output and grid power commands. In this way, DES enhances power tracking capability under low-wind conditions, while under high-wind conditions, it absorbs surplus energy and avoids curtailment. Simulation studies on a 36×5 MW WF in MATLAB/Simulink demonstrate that the proposed strategy improves tracking performance and wind energy utilization.