Interaksi Edukatif dalam Kisah Nabi Musa dan Nabi Khidir (Q.S. al-Kahfi: 60-82): Integrasi Analisis Linguistik Arab dan Tafsir Tarbawī

Abstract

This article examines the educative interaction between Prophet Moses and Prophet Khidr as narrated in Q.S. al-Kahf verses 60–82, combining Arabic linguistic analysis (mufradāt, ṣarf/morphology, and naḥw/syntax) with tarbawī (educational) exegesis. This qualitative library-research study employs a taḥlīlī (analytical) exegetical approach. The linguistic analysis focuses on two key verses: verse 66, representing the initial “learning request,” and verse 70, representing the formal “learning contract,” each examined word by word, morphologically, and syntactically. The findings show that the linguistic structure of both verses from verb selection and morphological patterns to the syntactic position of each word coherently represents Islamic educational values, including the etiquette of a student in seeking knowledge, humility, earnestness, patience, and recognition of the teacher’s epistemic authority. The narrative also affirms that an ideal educational process requires an explicit initial agreement, sustained patience, and the student’s trust in the wisdom underlying the teacher’s methods. This research contributes to tarbawī exegesis by demonstrating that the Qur’an’s linguistic dimension is not merely grammatical but also a vehicle for uncovering its pedagogical messages, and by drawing out implications for the teaching of Arabic grammar, character education, and contemporary teacher-student relations.