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Efficient Multi-Modal Face Liveness Detection Using RGB, Depth, and IR Fusion with Custom Metric Learning

Aug 2026 · International Conference on Computing Communication Control and automation · pp. 1-7 · 0 citations · 13 references

Abstract

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) is vital for safeguarding biometric systems against presentation attacks, including photos, videos, or masks aimed at impersonating legitimate users. This paper presents an efficient multi-modal face liveness detection method that combines RGB, depth, and infrared (IR) images through a lightweight convolutional neural network. To find the right balance between security and usability, this paper introduces a new evaluation metric, Conditional Average Metric (CAM), which averages sensitivity and specificity. Our model achieves 94.46% accuracy, an F1-score of 0.908, and a CAM of 0.932 on the CASIA-SURF dataset, using only 81,857 parameters and allowing real-time inference on edge devices. Compared to traditional methods based on RGB color only, our model gains an improvement in F1-score by 0.432, representing a 90.8% improvement, and demonstrates strong generalization. The results indicate that multimodal fusion and the CAM metric provide effective solutions for the problem of face liveness detection in real-world scenarios.

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