Integrating building information modeling (BIM) in the design and construction of the Giant Magellan Telescope enclosure

Abstract

The design of the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) Enclosure presents significant challenges due to its scale, multidisciplinary integration, and stringent performance requirements. This paper describes the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a structured framework to support design development and prepare the project for subsequent phases. A coordinated and information-rich BIM environment has been implemented to integrate architectural, structural, MEP, and mechanisms systems within a federated model. This approach supports multidisciplinary coordination processes, including model-based design validation, clash detection, and structured issue tracking, while enabling reliable data extraction for downstream uses such as quantity estimation and construction planning. The BIM implementation is aligned with ISO 19650 principles, incorporating a Common Data Environment (CDE), standardized information workflows, and defined model development levels. These elements ensure traceability, consistency, and controlled information exchange across all disciplines. The results demonstrate how a model-based approach enhances design quality, reduces coordination risks, and establishes a robust foundation for the transition toward tendering and construction. The GMT Enclosure case study highlights the strategic role of BIM in supporting complex scientific infrastructure projects, facilitating integrated design processes and improving the reliability of project information across lifecycle phases.