Influence of total knee arthroplasty on coronal plane phenotypes and associated clinical outcomes: a CPAK-based comparison between mechanical and functional alignment

Open access Sep 2026

A Comparison of Medial and Lateral Ligament Balance in Functional Versus Simulated Mechanical Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty Across CPAK Phenotypes: A Single-Center Study

Background/Objectives: Despite the excellent long-term outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), up to 10% of patients remain dissatisfied. Robotic-assisted TKA enables individualized alignment strategies, such as functional alignment (FA). Proper alignment and soft tissue balance are considered key factors for positi...

Anne Ruth van Meijeren, Danielle D. Langeloo, Hans-Peter van Jonbergen et al. · Journal of Clinical Medicine · 0 citations

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Oct 2026

The impact of changing Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee classification on early functional outcomes after primary robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty.

Aims We aimed to determine the impact of changing a patient's Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotype on early functional outcomes after robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RA-TKA). Methods We conducted a retrospective multicentre cohort study of 297 patients undergoing primary RA-TKA. Standardized...

Faseeh Zaidi, C. M. Goplen, Massoud Akbarshahi et al. · The Bone & Joint Journal · 0 citations

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Sep 2026

CHANGES IN KNEE PHENOTYPE IN CORONAL PLANE ALIGNMENT AFTER MEDIAL UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY DID NOT AFFECT CLINICAL OUTCOMES

Studies on TKA reported increased positive patient-reported outcomes when the coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) phenotype was preserved. However, reports on outcomes related to the change in CPAK after UKA remain limited. One hundred forty-five patients undergoing medial UKAs with pre- and postopera...

A. Tanavalee · Orthopaedic Proceedings · 0 citations

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Sep 2026

FUNCTIONAL ALIGNMENT REDUCES RESIDUAL LATERAL LAXITY AND IMPROVES PATIENT SATISFACTION COMPARED WITH MECHANICAL ALIGNMENT USING A 3° MEDIALLY INCLINED JOINT LINE IMPLANT IN CONSTITUTIONAL VARUS KNEES

This study compared postoperative laxity and clinical outcomes between mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty (MA-TKA) and functional alignment TKA (FA-TKA) using a 3° medially inclined joint line implant in patients with Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) type 1. This retrospective cohort stud...

Ken Okazaki, Shunya Otani, M. Itoh et al. · Orthopaedic Proceedings · 0 citations

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Open access Oct 2026

Association between Coronal Mechanical Axis Correction and Early Functional Outcomes after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract Introduction: Restoration of the mechanical axis is an important objective of primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), although the relationship between the magnitude and pattern of post-operative alignment and early functional recovery remains incompletely defined. This study evaluated post-operative mechanical...

Aminuddin Qureshi, Nishat Faatima, S. Agrawal · Journal of Orthopaedic Case... · 0 citations

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Sep 2026

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF CPAK PHENOTYPE TRANSITIONS FOLLOWING ROBOTIC-ASSISTED TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN VARUS-PREDOMINANT ASIAN KNEES

Robotic functional alignment (FA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can modify the Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee (CPAK) phenotype during gap balancing. In Western cohorts, phenotype is preserved in about two-thirds of knees and alteration is considered clinically inconsequential. However, in type I–predominant...

A. Zhang, Wei Wang, Yuen-Chiu Kwong et al. · Orthopaedic Proceedings · 0 citations

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