Aug 2026· Bulletin of Science and Practice· Vol 12, pp. 540-547· 0 citations
Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of current syntactic processes in the structure of simple sentences, based on the Kyrgyz and German languages. The focus is on complex mechanisms of sentence transformation, such as expansion, complication, combination, and deployment, as well as the processes of addition and inclusion of components. These processes are implemented through the use of determinant members and complex predicative constructions. The paper determines the significant role of optional components in increasing the information content of the utterance. Based on a systematic analysis of linguistic material, a description of general typological features and specific differences between the syntactic systems of the two languages is provided. The results contribute to the development of modern comparative-typological linguistics and the general theory of syntax.
The goal of this manual is to introduce students to the syntactic analysis of English by offering a comprehensive discussion of the core concepts and theoretical assumptions that underlie minimalist syntax. In this book, syntactic operations such as Merge and Agree are systematically linked to the morphosyntactic features that are relevant for English. In addition, they are shown to result in the phrase structure predicted by constituency tests. By exploring the properties and syntactic behaviour of functional categories such as little v, Tense and Complementiser, the manual offers students analytical tools to understand and discuss the grammar underlying basic English sentences. Each unit contains exercises with a key to practise and widen the content and skills covered.
In this paper, we are exclusively concerned with the part of grammar that deals with the structure of sentences. This is called syntax. Not only the grammatical units of language were explored but the division of selected sentences into constituents (units) was also analyzed. To achieve this feat, sentences were separated into words and finally, words were regrouped on the basis of relationship between them. This paper has gone further to explain how the (agent) or subject of a sentence is identified through grammatical units. The grammatical units were introduced on the hierarchical order [down-up]. The general syntactic framework we have adopted is inspired by the theories of language developed by Noam Chomsky. The choice of this study is based on the assumption that English and French are “closely related and well documented languages” (Tanja et all, 2010:110) and the two (duo) “constitute a minimal pair suitable for micro-comparison (Kayne, 2005). Most learners that were not always comfortable with the syntax and structure of the two languages would be familiar with their components and syntax of English and French languages armed with this work.
T. A. Balogun, G.S. Idowu· Eureka-Unilag· 0 citations
The subject of the study is the structural and grammatical features of Russian proverbs, namely the constructive and syntactic organization of proverbs, typical semantics of models, linguistic means of designing the predicative core and syntactic construction. The classification description is carried out based on the analysis of linguistic material that operates with the concepts of a model and the structural scheme of a sentence. The article identifies morphological and syntactic features and the typical grammatical meaning of the model, systematizes the ways of representing the predicate in single‑component verbal models, and establishes a correlation of the grammatical form with the typical semantics of paremia. The research methodology is determined by the nature of the typological description. The primary method is descriptive-analytical, and the classification is based on statistics. The statistical data were obtained through a quantitative and comparative analysis of linguistic material. The material for the study was the «Large Dictionary of Russian Proverbs» by V. M. Mokienko and T. G. Nikitina. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the original approach to the analysis of the paremiological fund; proverbs are considered as the implementation of typical grammatical models of language with a special correlation of form and content. For the first time, a typological description of single‑component verbal models of Russian paremias is presented. Structural-grammatical made it possible to identify a typical «grammar of a proverbial norm» in its correlation with linguistic semantics. The most productive single‑component verbal models include: Vind pr3pl with a normative-evaluative meaning, Vind f2s with the semantics of causal regularity of action, Vimp2s with a regulatory meaning. The predicative core of the models is represented by conjugated personal, impersonal forms and the infinitive, expressing the grammatical meaning of the “generalization” of an action with varying degrees of its abstraction from the producer.
This article examines the linguistic description of compound sentences in modern English linguistics from syntactic, functional, and communicative perspectives. The study analyzes theoretical approaches proposed by prominent linguists such as N. Chomsky, G. Leech, J. Svartvik, R. Quirk, M.A.K. Halliday, R. Huddleston, and G.K. Pullum regarding the structure and formation of compound sentences. Special attention is given to coordination as a syntactic mechanism connecting independent clauses and to the derivational processes underlying the formation of compound constructions. The article explores the semantic, pragmatic, and communicative functions of compound sentences, emphasizing their role in expressing complex thoughts and maintaining coherence in discourse. Comparative observations between English and Uzbek compound sentence structures are also presented, highlighting similarities and differences in coordination, punctuation, and stylistic realization. The findings demonstrate that compound sentences represent an essential component of syntactic organization, allowing speakers to convey interconnected ideas effectively while preserving the independence of individual clauses. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the theoretical foundations of compound sentence formation and their significance in contemporary linguistic research.
This study was motivated by the frequent use of sentences with the verb ada that require structural analysis, with the focus of the study directed toward the syntactic function of these sentences The data, consisting of 194 sentences composed by students in an academic context, were selected purposively and analyzed using a descriptive method based on Verhaar’s theory. The results reveal four constructions: N+Va, Va+N, N+Va+Num, and N+Va+N, with the Va+N construction being the most prevalent; verbs ada are always function as predicates and follow an inverted word order (P–S). These sentences are classified as simple and complex sentences with a variety of structural patterns. Furthermore, a shift in the category of the verb ada to an adverb was observed when it co-occurs with numerals, indicating its adaptability as an active element within numeral phrases, rather than merely a passive component, particularly in graded complex clause. This study demonstrates that the syntactic behavior of verbs ada constitutes a movement of verbs in occupying linguistic units at the syntactic level, namely the movement of verbs within grammatical units such as phrases, clauses, and sentences. The implications of these findings include up-to-date guidelines for teaching scientific sentence structure, analyzing academic discourse, and serving as a lexicographical reference to enrich grammatical information on word classes in monolingual Indonesian dictionaries.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya penggunaan kalimat beverba ada yang memerlukan analisis struktural, dengan fokus kajian diarahkan pada fungsi sintaksis kalimat tersebut. Data berupa 194 kalimat yang disusun mahasiswa dalam konteks akademik dipilih secara purposif dan dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teori Verhaar. Hasil menunjukkan empat konstruksi: N+Va, Va+N, N+Va+Num, dan N+Va+N, yang didominasi konstruksi Va+N; verba ada selalu berfungsi sebagai predikat dan berpola inversi (P–S). Kalimat-kalimat tersebut terklasifikasi dalam kalimat tunggal dan majemuk bertingkat dengan variasi pola yang beragam. Selain itu, ditemukan pergeseran kategori verba ada menjadi adverbia ketika berdampingan dengan numeralia menunjukkan adaptabilitasnya sebagai unsur aktif dalam frasa numeral, bukan sekadar komponen pasif, terutama dalam klausa kompleks bertingkat. Penelitian ini menujukkan perilaku sintaktis verba ada merupakan gerak verba dalam menempati satuan bahasa pada tataran sintaksis, yakni pergerakan verba pada satuan gramatika frasa, klausa, maupun kalimat. Implikasi temuan ini meliputi panduan mutakhir dalam pengajaran struktur kalimat ilmiah, analisis wacana akademik, serta rujukan leksikografi untuk memperkaya informasi gramatikal kelas kata dalam kamus ekabahasa bahasa Indonesia.
Encep Kusumah, Nunung Sitaresmi, Rudi Adi Nugroho M.Pd. et al.· Tabasa Jurnal Bahasa Sastra...· 1 citation
The conducted research shows that participle constructions used in the adverbial function in German are one of the important elements of the verb system and syntactic structure. In particular, participle II forms act not only as an infinitive form of the verb, but also as a functional means that create additional meaning relationships within the sentence. These constructions allow for a more concise and informative presentation of the idea by expressing additional circumstances, causes, conditions, concessions and consequences related to the main action. The research shows that when translating participle II constructions into Azerbaijani, it is not always possible to fully preserve their formal structure. The main reason for this is the differences between the grammatical and syntactic systems of the two languages. Therefore, various transformation methods are used in the translation process. During syntactic transformation, the participle construction is replaced by a broader sentence structure, while during grammatical transformation, various verb forms are used. Lexical and semantic transformations serve to convey the expressed meaning and stylistic nuances in the Azerbaijani language in a natural way. As a result of the research, it was determined that one of the main features of participle II forms is that they express a completed action and the state that has arisen as a result of that action.
Ruhlana Idris Baghirova· Scientific Journal of Poloni...· 0 citations