Contaminated Stormwater Containing Microplastics: Health Risks and Ecological Concerns

Abstract

Stormwater contamination by microplastics has become a growing environmental concern, with significant implications for human health and ecosystems. Microplastics in stormwater pose potential health risks through a direct pathway by ingesting contaminated food, such as seafood and agricultural products. They contaminate soil and water sources, indirectly affecting crops and contributing to microplastic ingestion. Ecologically, microplastics can disrupt aquatic ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and the function of aquatic organisms. Beyond summarizing current knowledge, this review aims to provide a focused perspective on the challenges in assessing the human health risks and ecological concerns associated with microplastics in contaminated stormwater, while highlighting future research priorities for improving integrated risk assessment. Findings highlight current challenges and demand in addressing microplastic contamination, including gaps in monitoring, treatment strategies, and the need for more effective pollution control measures.