The Lost Art of Communication: Interpersonal Communication Challenges in the Digital Society

Abstract

This article analyzes the transformations of interpersonal communication in the context of digitalization and the spread of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies. The study aims to systematize current knowledge about communication types, identify factors driving its transformation, and define the role of AI as a cognitive mediator. The methodological foundation is a critical review of classical and contemporary monographs on communication, semiotics, and media ecology. It is shown that the digital environment enhances phatic communication and visual representation, which, combined with a decreasing share of face-to-face interactions, leads to diminished interpersonal sensitivity and increased social isolation. A new phenomenon is identified–cognitive-agential mediation–where AI actively participates in the creation, editing, and interpretation of messages, rather than merely serving as a transmission channel. The paper outlines the positive impacts of AI use (accessibility, inclusivity, emotional support) as well as risks (reduced empathy, anthropomorphism, ethical concerns). The novelty of the research lies in proposing a multi-axis typology of communication that accounts for AI’s influence and in identifying the mechanism of user cognitive offloading. The findings suggest that the sustainability of the art of communication is possible only through a balance between the use of digital tools and the development of personal communicative competencies.