Blockchain-Enabled Digital Twin Framework for Secure Cardiac Healthcare Data Sharing

Abstract

As digital healthcare systems have proliferated, there is a growing need to share cardiac healthcare data securely, efficiently, and reliably, while maintaining patient privacy and data integrity in a distributed healthcare setting. This study aimed to propose BlockTwinCardio, a Blockchain-Enabled Digital Twin Framework for Secure Cardiac Healthcare Data Sharing to facilitate real-time synchronization, tamper-resistant data exchange, and decentralized access control for cardiac healthcare records. The framework is tested with the MIMIC-III Waveform Dataset and applied to the Hyperledger Fabric Simulation Environment to compare the effectiveness with the other three frameworks: MedRec, BlocHIE and FHIRChain. Experimental results show that BlockTwinCardio can achieve a Data Sharing Throughput of 3,250 TPS, which is 39.2%, 28.5%, and 18.2% faster than MedRec, BlocHIE, and FHIRChain, respectively. It can achieve Blockchain Transaction Latency at 0.68 s, which is 49.3% faster, 39.8% faster, and 26.9% faster than the previous records, respectively, while reducing Smart Contract Execution Time to 0.41 s, which is 43.8% faster, 35.9% faster, and 23.1% faster than the previous records, respectively. Moreover, the proposed framework reduces Storage Overhead by $\text{3 1. 3 \%}$, 22.2% and 12.9% respectively over the benchmark methods, with a Data Integrity Rate of 99.92% improvement of 2.9%, 2.0% and 1.1% over the benchmark methods, respectively. Moreover, Energy Consumption is reduced to 17.6 kWh with 34.8%, 24.8% and 15.4% savings over MedRec, BlocHIE and FHIRChain, respectively. The results highlight the effectiveness of BlockTwinCardio in creating a secure, scalable, and energy-efficient decentralized platform for sharing cardiac healthcare data, offering a viable option for future smart healthcare systems that demand dependable, secure, and interoperable medical data management.