IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF MANAGING FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY AT MARITIME ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article examines the theoretical and practical foundations of managing the financial and economic security of maritime enterprises under martial law and global uncertainty. Amid geopolitical turbulence, disrupted logistics, and market volatility, ensuring enterprise stability has become a key strategic priority rather than an auxiliary function.Economic security is a multidimensional, dynamic construct that combines protection against internal and external threats with the ability to maintain operational sustainability, efficiently allocate resources, and adapt to changing conditions. Accordingly, financial and economic security reflects an enterprise's resilience and capacity for sustainable development under heightened risk.The study identifies four main groups of risks affecting Ukraine’s maritime sector during the full-scale war: military-political, economic, legal, and environmental. These factors interact and jointly influence financial stability and operational continuity, highlighting the limitations of reactive risk management and the need for proactive, adaptive approaches.A key contribution is the «resilience triangle» framework, which integrates financial hedging, currency benchmarking, and adaptive logistics. The use of derivatives (forwards, futures, options) reduces exposure to price and currency fluctuations, while aligning the currency structure of assets, revenues, and costs strengthens financial flexibility.Adaptive logistics plays a crucial role in sustaining operations. Scenario planning, diversification of supply routes, and digital twin modeling support continuity under infrastructure disruptions and limited transport access. The integration of digital technologies and analytics enhances supply chain responsiveness and reliability.The study also emphasizes the importance of maintaining a strategic liquidity reserve, enabling enterprises to withstand temporary cash flow disruptions and preserve solvency. Flexible planning tools, such as rolling forecasts, further improve budgeting adaptability.Additionally, a methodological approach to assessing financial and economic security is proposed through an integral indicator.