Optimal Integration of Renewable Energy Distribution Sources in the Distribution Grid to Maximize Economic–Technical–Environmental Benefits

Abstract

This paper presents an efficient method called the secretary bird optimization algorithm for solving various optimization problems. The primary objective of the research is to minimize the multi-objective function consisting of four single-goals (SOFs) of total investment and operation costs, main grid generation cost, system power losses, and emissions. The study considers the optimal integration of distributed generation sources (DGSs) including photovoltaic units and wind turbine units in the distribution system with the penetration of diverse types of nonlinear loads. This paper considers harmonic distortions from nonlinear loads and inverterbased DGSs under time-varying load conditions. Furthermore, two software programs: MATLAB and Open Distribution System Simulator are also developed to achieve advantages in simulating the distribution system with integrated renewables. The simulation results have demonstrated the better efficiency and stability of secretary bird optimization algorithm compared with four other methods such as the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization algorithm, slime mold algorithm, and sunflower optimization algorithm.