ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERTISE: PROSPECTS FOR LEGAL IMPLEMENTATION

Abstract

In the context of digitalization and the growth of environmental challenges, the search for new tools to improve the quality of environmental expertise is of particular importance. Traditional environmental impact assessment mechanisms face problems of subjectivity, shortage of qualified personnel and corruption factors. This determines the relevance of the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies as an innovative means of increasing the efficiency and transparency of expert procedures. The article analyzes the theoretical and legal foundations of environmental expertise in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and international practice. Special attention is paid to the problems of law enforcement related to the lack of unified standards for digital ecosystem modeling, the uncertainty of the legal status of AI and the risks of its use in making environmentally significant decisions. Based on the analysis of foreign experience (EU, USA, China), successful practices of using AI for monitoring the state of the environment, forecasting environmental risks and automating expert procedures are considered. The authors shows that the integration of digital technologies can significantly shorten the examination time, increase its scientific validity and reduce the level of corruption. Proposals have been formulated to improve the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of environmental expertise. In particular, the article substantiates the need for regulatory consolidation of the role of AI as an auxiliary tool, the development of national standards for digital environmental models, the establishment of responsibility for algorithm errors and cybersecurity. It is concluded that the combination of AI and independent expert analysis is the key to the formation of a sustainable and effective environmental protection system.