Farmer Knowledge, Behavior and Determinants of Pesticide use in Paddy Farming: Evidence from Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka
Abstract
Recent years, cost of production of paddy cultivation has been increased in Batticaloa district, one of the major reasons for above problem in paddy cultivation is the excess use of pesticide usage. And also, excess pesticide usage causes more health problems among people, especially the amount of people affected by cancer have been increased over the past few years in Batticaloa district. This study examines farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and behavioral patterns related to pesticide use in paddy farming in the Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka. A sample of 100 paddy farmers from four divisional secretariats—Manmunai West, Manmunai South West, Koralaipattu Central, and Eravur Pattu—was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed. Results indicate that while 75% of farmers are aware of Integrated Pest Management (IPM), only 69% actively practice at least one IPM method. Adoption is highest for cultural and mechanical weeding (70%) and the use of pest-free plants (64%), whereas biological control methods are entirely absent and organic pest control remains extremely low (7%). Perceived yield reduction (70%), lack of knowledge (59%), and high labor requirements (57%) were identified as major barriers to IPM adoption. According to the results, pesticide retailers and agricultural extension officers exert the strongest influence on farmers’ pesticide perceptions, while communication channels and formal government sources play comparatively weaker roles. The findings highlight the need for strengthened extension programs, practical demonstrations, and targeted training to address misconceptions and promote sustainable pesticide reduction strategies. Overall, the study contributes valuable insights into farmer behavior, perception dynamics, and opportunities for enhancing environmentally sustainable pest management in Sri Lankan paddy cultivation.