Accelerating Indonesia’s Solar PV Transition toward Net-Zero: Integrating Smart Grid Innovation, Energy Storage, and Adaptive Regulatory Frameworks

Abstract

—The focus of this study is examining strategies to accelerate Indonesia's photovoltaic solar (PV) transition toward achieving net-zero emissions. The PV is integrating technological innovation and adaptive governance. The main objective is to identify how smart grid systems, energy storage technologies, and regulatory frameworks can collectively enable wide scale PV deployment within Indonesia's evolving energy landscape. The method of this study use a hybrid methodological approach. It is combining policy analysis of national renewable energy regulations, PV storage integration with techno-economic assessment, and blending from recent literature of global best practices in 2020 until 2026. The result shows that expansion of PV in Indonesia is limited with unstable electricity network capacity storage, and uncertain regulation. But smart grid that integrated with more technologies can enhances flexibility and demand management. The energy storage can improve variability and reliability PV to generate more energy. The think that can be used for accelerating deployment system is adaptive regulation framework which support net-metering reform, investment, and integration of distributed energy resource. This study contributes theory to develop integration framework of linking technology, infrastructure, and policy in developing country. It can give perception to policies maker, utilities, and investor to make coordinated strategies that can support Indonesia's future toward resilient, low carbon, and net-zero energy.