Cistus creticus L. as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: A Review of Extraction Methods, Phytochemical Profile, Biological Activities, and Food Applications

Abstract

Cistus creticus, a perennial shrub native to the Mediterranean region, has attracted considerable scientific attention due to its rich phytochemical profile and associated health-promoting properties. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the antioxidant activity of C. creticus, examining the various extraction methods that influence the bioavailability and efficacy of its active compounds. The plant’s antioxidant properties are primarily attributed to its high content of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other bioactive constituents, which play a key role in mitigating oxidative stress and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. The review further discusses the effectiveness of different extraction techniques—mainly maceration and ultrasound-assisted extraction—in maximizing the yield and potency of antioxidants from the plant. By synthesizing current research findings, this review aims to highlight the therapeutic potential of C. creticus and provide a basis for future studies on its application in nutraceuticals and functional foods.