We prove a third-order derivative estimate for convex solutions to the real Monge-Amp\`ere equation ${\rm det}\,{\rm Hess}(u) = 1$ on an open set in $\mathbb{R}^{2m}$ under the additional assumption that ${\rm Hess}(u)$ lies in ${\rm Sp}(2m,\mathbb{R})$ at every point. Our method is a geometric interpretation and extension to higher dimensions of Nitsche's classical proof of the Bernstein theorem for the real Monge-Amp\`ere equation on $\mathbb{R}^2$. For $m = 1$ we also improve Nitsche's constant as well as some estimates due to Calabi, and we construct examples of solutions with interesting geometric behavior.
We establish a concavity inequality for the Hessian quotient operators $\frac{\sigma_k}{\sigma_l}$ in the cases $k-l\in\{1,2\}$, and then derive the corresponding Jacobi inequality. Combining this with the framework developed by Lu and Tsai, we obtain an interior Hessian estimate for convex solutions of $\frac{\sigma_k(D^2u)}{\sigma_l(D^2u)}=f$. As an application, we prove that any entire convex solution in $\mathbb R^n$ with quadratic growth must be a quadratic polynomial.
We identify a common convexity structure for three exponential Dirichlet problems on smooth uniformly strictly convex domains: the Liouville equation $\Delta u=e^u$, the real equation $\sigma_2(D^2u)=e^{2u}$, and its complex counterpart $\sigma_2(u_{i\bar j})=e^{2u}$. In each case $u<0$ in the domain and $u=0$ on the boundary. We prove that \[ w=-\operatorname{arcosh}(e^{-u/2}) \] is strictly convex in the underlying real variables. The argument combines domain deformation, constant-rank theory, inverse-convexity estimates, radial ball models, boundary strict convexity, and local $C^2$ stability.
We consider entire solutions $u: \mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ of the Euler-Lagrange equation associated to the variational integral $\int_{\Omega} g(|\nabla u|)\,dx$ with a strictly convex density $g: [0,\infty)\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ being of linear growth. We show that the condition $\int_{0}^{\infty} t\,g''(t)\,dt<\infty$ implies the Bernstein property, which means that $u$ must be an affine function. If this condition on g is weakened, we still have some partial Bernstein results.
Let $(M^3, g, \mathbf{k})$ be a smooth, connected, asymptotically flat initial data set with connected outermost past apparent horizon $\Sigma $. We prove the Penrose conjecture, namely that $m_{\mathrm{ADM}}(g) \geq \sqrt{\frac{|\Sigma |}{16 \pi }} $, under the assumptions of the dominant energy condition and the $2$-convexity condition that the sum of the two smallest eigenvalues of $\mathbf{k}$ is nonnegative. The main tool is the $\sigma $-inverse mean curvature flow, together with a monotonicity formula developed in \cite{Dong26SigmaIMCF}.
In this paper, we establish interior $C^2$ estimates for admissible semiconvex solutions to the general Hessian quotient equation $\frac{\sigma_k}{\sigma_l}(D^2u)=f(x,u),$ for the cases $l=k-1$ and $l=k-2$, where $f$ is a positive $C^2$ function. Such estimates are known to fail in general for $k-l\geq 3$, even for convex solutions, as shown by counterexamples due to Lu \cite{LuGeneral}. The main ingredient is a quantitative concavity inequality for the Hessian quotient operator under the semiconvex condition. Our result provides a unified argument to such general Hessian quotient equations for $2\leq k\leq n-1$ in arbitrary dimensions.
We study global regularity of solutions to Dirichlet or Neumann elliptic problems in spherical sectors $S_{D,R}$ of radius $R>0$ in $\mathbb{R}^N, N\ge 2$, where $D$ is the bounded domain on the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{N-1}$ which spans the spherical sector. One of the main results shows that boundedness of the gradient of the solutions of Poisson equations holds whenever $\lambda_1(D)\ge N-1$, where $\lambda_1(D)$ is the first nontrivial eigenvalue of the Laplace Beltrami operator $-\Delta_{\mathbb{S}^{N-1}}$ on the domain $D$ with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions on $\partial D$. As an example of Maz'ya shows, the condition on the eigenvalue is sharp. For general spherical sectors and for $p$-Laplacian equations, $p>1$ we prove weighted global lipschitzianity of the solutions, as well as second order regularity.
Carlo Alberto Antonini, F. Pacella, Camilla Chiara Polvara et al.· 0 citations