Simulation results reveal that the two conflicting performance metrics of secrecy rate and total power consumption are balanced in multi‐IRS‐assisted secure communication, and highlight the superiority of the proposed method over existing benchmark schemes.
Abstract
This paper studied the deployment of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) to prevent potential eavesdropper in MISO communication network, and provided users with confidential, energy efficiency and secure services. A key metric, secrecy energy efficiency (SEE), which measures the number of securely transmitted bits per unit of energy consumed, was significantly enhanced through the deployment of IRSs. SEE captures the balance between achieving a high secrecy rate and minimizing power consumption. In order to maximize the SEE of MISO communication network, an efficient alternating optimization algorithm was proposed, which effectively resisted multiple eavesdroppers by designing appropriate secrecy beamforming vector and phase shift vector. Simulation results reveal that the two conflicting performance metrics of secrecy rate and total power consumption are balanced in multi‐IRS‐assisted secure communication. The results also highlight the superiority of the proposed method over existing benchmark schemes, showing notable improvements in both SEE and secrecy rate when multiple IRSs are integrated.
Wireless access networks are dense, which means that there is severe co-channel interference and much more susceptible to eavesdropping, which deteriorates the reliability and secrecy of communications. The present paper presents an interference-aware secure communication scheme that optimized concurrently on transmission power, interference reduction, and secrecy capacity with the help of an optimization-based adaptive scheme. It develops a mathematical model of Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) and secrecy throughput and then a convex optimization-based transmission strategy is developed. The experimental simulation shows that the proposed framework can attain a secrecy rate of 4.21 ±0.18 bits/s/Hz, secure throughput of 33.7±1.2 Mbps and a success rate of 97.4 ± 0.6 packet success rate with high network density (200 users/km 2). The proposed model has a secrecy capacity that is 34.9% higher than conventional and NOMA-based schemes and secrecy outage probability is 58.6 times lower. The findings validate an increase in the ability to suppress interference and strong secure communication performance in crowded wireless environments. The given framework is a scalable solution to secure the IoT and next-generation wireless systems.
Manish K Assudani· Journal of Intelligent Decis...· 0 citations
Aerial reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (ARISs), which integrate uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) with RISs, have become a potential paradigm for secure wireless transmission. However, a single ARIS suffers from the inherent multiplicative fading effect and limited spatial beamforming flexibility, thereby significantly reducing its effectiveness in secure communications. In order to address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel cooperative ARISs-assisted secure and green communication architecture, where an aerial active RIS and an aerial active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting RIS (STAR-RIS) are jointly deployed to enable signal amplification and 360-degree full-space coverage. In particular, the cooperative gain achieved through the secondary reflection link between the two ARISs further improves communication security. Furthermore, the sum secrecy rate (SR) maximization problem is presented to jointly optimize the hovering locations of the two ARISs, the ARIS reflection coefficients, as well as the transmit beamforming at the base station for multiple eavesdroppers, while accounting for the onboard power constraints of the ARISs. To solve this highly coupled nonconvex problem, an alternating optimization (AO) algorithm is devised by integrating successive convex approximation (SCA), penalty-based semidefinite relaxation (PSDR), and Bayesian optimization (BO) techniques. Extensive simulations show that the proposed framework substantially enhances the sum SR under limited power budgets compared with existing benchmark schemes.
Yihao Qi, Qichao Xu, Zhou Su et al.· IEEE Transactions on Green C...· 0 citations
The transformation to the sixth-generation (6G) vehicular-to-everything (V2X) networks requires the energy-conscious, ultra-reliable, and low-latency mechanisms of ensuring secure communication. Due to the inherent broadcast nature of vehicular channels, these systems remain vulnerable to passive eavesdropping and secrecy loss. This paper introduces a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted V2X communication framework enhanced with virtual beamforming, designed to maximize secrecy rate while simultaneously improving energy efficiency. We derive closed-form expressions for secrecy outage probability (SOP) and outage probability (OP) under generalized gamma and Nakagami-
m
fading conditions and further analyze secrecy rate performance under vehicular mobility. Extensive MATLAB-based simulations validate the analytical derivations and demonstrate that the proposed RIS-assisted scheme significantly improves secrecy performance compared with conventional architectures. Results highlight the robustness of the framework across multiple mobility patterns and fading scenarios, confirming its potential as a practical building block for secure 6G-V2X systems.
R. Chawda, Premnarayan Arya, Sagar Kavaiya et al.· Journal on Wireless Communic...· 0 citations
This letter investigates a pinching-antenna (PA)-assisted downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with an untrusted user acting as an internal eavesdropper. By exploiting the flexibility of PAs in reconfiguring wireless channel conditions, secure information transmission for the trusted user can be achieved in the considered system. Accordingly, we formulate an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the secrecy rate by jointly optimizing the power allocation coefficients and the positions of PAs. Given that the coupling between effective channel gains and power allocation coefficients makes the problem non-convex, we employ a joint optimization algorithm to solve it effectively. Specifically, we first derive a closed-form expression for optimal power allocation, and then, an element-wise algorithm is employed to optimize the PA positions. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with fixed antenna systems, PAs can significantly enhance the secrecy performance of NOMA systems.
Secure energy efficiency (SEE) has emerged as a key performance metric for next-generation wireless networks, where energy sustainability and information security must be jointly guaranteed. This paper investigates secure uplink transmission in a full-duplex (FD) base station (BS) system equipped with movable antennas (MAs) and assisted by a movable-element reconfigurable intelligent surface (ME-RIS) in the presence of multiple cooperative passive eavesdroppers. The objective is to maximize SEE by jointly optimizing the users'transmit powers, BS receive postcoders, artificial noise (AN) transmit power and beamforming, RIS phase shifts, and the two-dimensional positions of both the BS antennas and RIS elements. The resulting optimization problem is highly nonconvex due to the fractional SEE objective, coupled secrecy-rate expressions, residual self-interference (SI), unit-modulus RIS phase-shift constraints, movable-position constraints, inter-element spacing requirements, and the nonlinear dependence of the channels on the movable antenna and RIS-element positions. To address these challenges, we propose a hybrid gradient-based meta-learning (H-GML) framework. In the proposed method, the BS receive postcoders and AN direction are updated using closed-form solutions derived from generalized Rayleigh quotient formulations, while the remaining coupled variables are updated by neural meta-optimizers that learn gradient-based update directions directly from the SEE optimization objective without requiring offline labeled training data. Simulation results show that the proposed H-GML design achieves better performance than the AO benchmark and significantly outperforms fixed-geometry, random RIS, no-AN, and no-Eve-knowledge baselines.
Ayda Nodel Hokmabadi, M. Elhattab, C. Assi· 1 citation
This paper investigates secure downlink transmission assisted by a fluid active reconfigurable intelligent surface (FARIS), which enables both active reflection and dynamic port selection, offering enhanced flexibility for physical-layer security. We formulate a secrecy rate maximization problem that jointly optimizes the transmit beamformer, active reflection coefficients, and fluid port configuration under practical power constraints. To efficiently handle the resulting highly nonconvex problem, we develop a tailored alternating optimization (AO) framework that decomposes the original joint design into tractable subproblems, where each admits an efficient solution while preserving the system constraints, enabling an effective joint optimization of beamforming and FARIS reconfiguration. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed FARIS-assisted design consistently outperforms the benchmarks. The results further highlight the robustness of FARIS against unfavorable eavesdropping geometries, confirming its potential as a powerful enabler for secure communications in challenging environments.
Hong-Bae Jeon, Yonghwi Kim, Hyung-Joo Moon et al.· 0 citations
