Prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition among healthcare workers: a systematic review

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs) have experienced a high incidence of COVID-19, making them vulnerable to post-COVID-19 condition, characterized by persistent symptoms following the acute phase. Objective To estimate the prevalence and characterize the symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition among HCWs. Methods A systematic review of observational studies, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023454818), covering seven databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, with independent assessment by two reviewers. Results Thirty-two studies were included, totaling 34,783 workers. The prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition across the studies ranged from 12% to 95%. Post-COVID-19 condition manifests in a multisystemic manner, with symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, dyspnea, chronic pain, and psychosocial disorders being particularly prominent. Factors such as female sex, severity of the initial infection, comorbidities, and reinfection increase the risk of developing the condition, while vaccination exerted a protective effect. Conclusion Post-COVID-19 condition among HCWs is common and requires active screening protocols, continuous epidemiological surveillance, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs to ensure the retention of the healthcare workforce.