Quadri-Wave Lateral Shearing Interferogram Outpainting Using QW-GAN for Accurate Wavefront Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel outpainting technique for quadri-wave lateral shearing interferograms which employs Quadri-Wave Generative Adversarial Networks (QW-GANs). QW-GAN is adversarially trained to capture the high-order statistics of real interferograms. It thereby avoids the Gibbs-ringing artifacts and spectral leakage caused by deterministic interpolation or single-frame extrapolation. The recovered fringes remain physically consistent with preserved Fourier support, enabling more accurate wavefront phase retrieval. Numerical simulations and comparisons with aberrations (defocus, astigmatism, coma, spherical, and random), along with real experimental results, demonstrate the enhanced reconstruction precision of our method, providing an efficient solution for wavefront reconstruction in optical applications.