3D numerical simulation and stability evaluation of gypsum mine goaf in Shaodong County

Abstract

In order to study the stability of gypsum mine goaf pillar and roof in a complex hydrogeological setting, this research employs an integrated approach combining geophysical exploration, empirical calculation, and three-dimensional numerical simulation. The study focuses on a gypsum mine in Shaodong County, where karst is widely developed above the goaf. The results indicate that dynamic changes in groundwater, exacerbated by human mining activities, are the primary factors inducing goaf deformation. While empirical formula analysis, using methods like Bieniawski’s pillar strength formula and Pratt’s pressure arch theory, provided preliminary stability assessments, the three-dimensional numerical simulation offered a more nuanced understanding of stress redistribution and deformation patterns. The integrated analysis delineated the goaf into seven regions, identifying the II and VI areas in the north-central part as having poor stability and a high potential for future ground subsidence, posing a significant risk. Other segments were assessed with a moderate risk of subsidence. This study demonstrates the value of a multi-method approach for stability evaluation in geologically complex mining environments.