Two new species of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from western Ecuador and notes on Lepanthes chrysokallos

Abstract

The Pacific slope of the Ecuadorian Andes and the adjacent Chocó lowlands represent one of the most diverse habitats for orchids, characterized by high levels of endemism and a significant number of species that remain undescribed. This underscores the persistent gaps in our current botanical knowledge of this region. Here we describe two new species of Lepanthes: Lepanthes berthana, found in lowland forest remnants in the southwestern El Oro province, and Lepanthes mongei, from relic montane forest patches in the Intag Valley area on the western foothills of Imbabura province. Additionally, a new distributional record, an updated conservation status assessment, and comments on similar species for Lepanthes chrysokallos, are provided. Photographs and line drawings are provided for all three species, together with a discussion on morphological affinities, conservation status assessments, distribution maps, and ecological notes. These discoveries underscore the extraordinary biodiversity of western Ecuador and highlight the urgent need to conserve its remaining forest remnants.