Trends in comorbidities associated with HIV mortality in Brazil, 2000 to 2022: an ecological study.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze trends in comorbidities associated with HIV-related mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2022. This ecological time-series study used Mortality Information System data, including all deaths recorded under ICD-10 codes B20 to B24. Comorbidities were classified under ICD-10 chapters. Age-standardized mortality rates were calculated using the direct method. Trends were analyzed using Prais-Winsten regression. The mean mortality rate was 6.40 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants; for AIDS-defining conditions, the rate was 5.71 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants; and for non-AIDS-defining conditions, 0.65 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. A decreasing trend was observed only for infectious diseases in Brazil (APC = -2.94; p-value < 0.001), a pattern not observed in some Northern and Northeastern states, where increasing trends were identified. Neoplasms showed a growing trend (APC = 4.69; p-value = 0.002), as did circulatory diseases (APC = 6.97; p-value = 0.002) in Brazil. High mortality rates for AIDS-defining conditions persist despite their overall declining trend, with increasing trends in some states.