Research on Fuzzy PID Speed Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Oriented to Load Disturbance Suppression

Abstract

To address the issues of fixed parameters, insufficient dynamic response, and limited disturbance rejection in traditional PID control for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed regulation systems, this paper proposes a fuzzy PID-based speed control strategy. First, a mathematical model of a surface-mounted PMSM (SPMSM) is established, and a vector control simulation model is constructed in MATLAB/Simulink. Subsequently, a fuzzy controller is designed with the speed error and its rate of change as inputs to adjust the PID parameters online, thereby enhancing system performance under speed steps and load disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with traditional PID control, the proposed fuzzy PID strategy effectively reduces speed overshoot and torque ripple, lowers the peak starting current, and improves dynamic recovery under sudden load changes. These results validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing both the dynamic response and operational stability of the PMSM.