Design and performance evaluation of a solar-powered electrical system for shrimp pond aerators

Abstract

This study presents the design and performance evaluation of a solar-powered electrical system for shrimp pond aerators. The system was developed to provide a reliable off-grid energy solution by considering electrical load requirements, photovoltaic performance, and energy storage configuration. A 300 Wp photovoltaic panel, battery-based energy storage, and a DC motor aerator with a rated power of 250 W were utilized in the proposed system. Experimental testing was conducted under Standard Test Conditions (STC) and normal operating conditions through field measurements at Setu Hambaro, Cileungsi, Bogor. The results show that the photovoltaic system delivered an effective output power of approximately 281 W under normal operating conditions, providing a safety margin of around 12% above the aerator power requirement. The measured system efficiency ranged from 9.84% under STC to 11.58% under normal field conditions, reflecting typical efficiency variations caused by environmental factors and system- level losses. The findings indicate that the proposed electrical system design is capable of maintaining stable aerator operation without abrupt power fluctuations. Despite reduced efficiency compared to nominal photovoltaic module ratings, the system performance remains within acceptable limits for standalone photovoltaic applications. Overall, the results confirm that the proposed solar-powered electrical system is technically feasible and suitable for shrimp pond aerator applications in areas with limited access to grid electricity.