Changes in Clinical, Periodontal, And Radiographic Parameters Following Comprehensive Treatment of Chronic Localized Periodontitis

Abstract

Background: Minimally invasive subgingival biofilm control with air polishing may provide clinical outcomes comparable to conventional root debridement while improving patient comfort and limiting iatrogenic tissue damage. Objective: To evaluate changes in clinical periodontal and radiographic parameters in patients with chronic localized periodontitis following comprehensive treatment that included subgingival air-abrasive root-surface debridement and subsequent prosthodontic rehabilitation. Methods: The study included 160 patients aged 18–59 years with mild chronic localized periodontitis and 20 periodontally healthy controls. Patients were stratified according to tooth vitality and crown design. Periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), OHI-S, SBI, and radiographic parameters were assessed longitudinally. Results: At 6 months, PPD, CAL, BOP, SBI, and OHI-S improved across all clinical subgroups. The greatest PPD reductions were observed with the periodontally oriented crown: 1.87 mm for vital teeth and 1.72 mm for non-vital teeth. Complete clinical response was more frequent around vital than non-vital teeth (73.8% vs 55.0%). No progression of bone resorption was observed in 95.0% and 88.8% of patients in the vital- and non-vital-tooth groups, respectively. Conclusions: Comprehensive periodontal treatment followed by prosthodontic rehabilitation produced sustained clinical improvement at 6 months. Periodontally oriented crowns were associated with favorable periodontal stabilization in both tooth-vitality groups.