Graphical stability of set-valued integrals under measure perturbations

Abstract

Motivated by sampling and approximation schemes arising in nonsmooth optimization, we study the stability of parameterized set-valued integrals under weak perturbations of the underlying probability distribution. For a compact parameter set, we show that compact convex-valued and jointly outer semicontinuous integrands induce set-valued integral maps that converge graphically in excess distance along any weakly convergent sequence of probability measures. The result holds under a superlinear integrability condition and provides a unified stability principle for measure approximations of set-valued expectations. We discuss the sharpness of the assumptions through examples. In particular, we emphasize that joint outer semicontinuity is required in general and that the superlinear envelope condition is tight relative to the classical i.i.d. empirical setting. As a consequence, we obtain outer stability of solution sets for stochastic generalized equations. We illustrate the stability result in several settings, including stochastic nonsmooth optimization with Markovian sampling, smoothing by mollifiers, and parameter-dependent distributional dynamics.