Research Progress on Intestinal Health Effects, Targeted Protection Technologies and Applications in Special Populations of Probiotics in Yogurt

Abstract

With the growing demand for yogurt beverages, people have recognized that probiotics in yogurt can exert positive effects on the human intestinal tract. This paper reviews the benefits of yogurt for intestinal health, discusses strategies to improve the survival rate of probiotics from yogurt in the gut, analyzes their effects on special populations, and prospects the application opportunities and challenges of yogurt -derived probiotics. To comprehensively evaluate probiotic efficacy, the reviewed studies include in vitro digestion models, animal experiments, human cross -sectional analysis, product development, and technological innovations. Key findings show that probiotics promote digestion and modulate immunity via bioactive peptide release and IgA regulation. Protection technologies such as bio -coating, prebiotic supplementation, and spray drying significantly enhance probiotic survival and colonization. For special populations, yogurt probiotics correlate with reduced diabetic kidney disease risk; plant -based analogues serve lactose -intolerant individuals; and postbiotics show anti -obesity effects. Challenges include strain specificity, limited human trials, and the translational gap from animal studies. Future research should focus on personalized produc ts and advanced delivery technologies.