Design Automation for Gray-Code Quantum Read-Only Memory

Abstract

We propose a programmable quantum read-only memory based on Gray code encoding, termed GQROM, designed to efficiently load classical data into quantum circuits. This architecture mitigates critical bottlenecks in near-term quantum computing by reducing initialization overhead and gate-induced errors. By utilizing Gray code, in which consecutive addresses differ by only a single bit, GQROM minimizes state transition complexity. We demonstrate the architecture's flexibility in accessing targeted data through initial-state modification. The entire design, including a systematic EDA flow, was implemented and validated on the Qiskit platform, confirming its practical feasibility. These results underscore GQROM's potential as a scalable and hardware-friendly solution for efficient state preparation in quantum circuits.