APPLICATION OF THE FMEA METHOD TO SUPPORT RISK ASSESSMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION OF ROAD TRANSPORT OF OVERSIZE LOADS

Abstract

The transport of oversize loads is a highly complex logistics process in technical, organizational, and legal terms. It requires precise planning and coordination among numerous stakeholders. Due to potential hazards to road traffic safety and infrastructure, the application of risk assessment tools to support operational decision-making is essential. The aim of this article is to apply the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) method to risk assessment in the organization of oversize road transport. Based on a case study involving the transport of a power transformer, risk factors were identified, values were assigned for severity, occurrence, and detection, and Risk Priority Numbers, RPNs, were calculated. The analysis made it possible to identify the dominant sources of risk and to propose preventive and corrective measures, including control procedures, technical inspections, and weather monitoring. The results confirm that the FMEA method is a useful tool for risk assessment and decision support, enabling the prioritization of hazards and contributing to improved safety and efficiency in oversize transport. The recommendations resulting from the study include the implementation of training, the standardization of procedures, the use of digital technologies for real-time risk monitoring and analysis, and the introduction of regular audits and systematic reviews of operational procedures.