Chemical constituents and bioactivities of Beilschmiedia bidoupensis

Abstract

For the first time, the isolation and structural elucidation of constituents of Beilschmiedia bidoupensis leaves, as well as their antioxidant and anti-enzymatic activities, and molecular docking study, were investigated. From the methanol extract, eight compounds were isolated and structurally elucidated, including lupeol (1), lupenone (2), betulin (3), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4), β-sitosterol (5), quercetin (6), ursolic acid (7), and betulinic acid (8). Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D- and 2D-NMR) spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and confirmed by comparison with reference data. Among the isolates, 6 exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assays. Compound 6 also showed the lowest IC₅₀ value against α-glucosidase (31.1 ± 3.14 μM), whereas ursolic acid (7) exhibited lower inhibitory potency. Finally, molecular docking studies were conducted to elucidate the binding interactions between the antioxidant compounds and the Keap1 protein target. KEY WORDS: Beilschmiedia bidoupensis, Chemical constituent, Antioxidant, Anti-enzymatic Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2026, 40(12), 2685-2699.                                                                                  DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v40i12.13